CRISPR

You'll understand CRISPR as a molecular tool borrowed from bacteria that can locate and modify specific DNA sequences in living cells.

You'll learn how CRISPR uses a guide RNA to locate target DNA and how the Cas9 protein cuts both strands at the precise location.

You'll see how cells repair CRISPR cuts through different pathways, leading to either gene disruption or precise insertions depending on the repair route.

You'll recognize why CRISPR sometimes cuts at unintended locations and learn how prime editing offers improved precision over standard CRISPR approaches.